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The Science Behind Our Work

Research is clarifying the impacts and healing mechanisms of ketamine and other psychedelic compounds.

Journal articles

Trusted journals are publishing outcomes that demonstrate the safety and efficacy of ketamine.

A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-frequency study of intravenous ketamine in patients with treatment-resistant depression

Am J Psychiatry, 2016

Ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor antagonist, has demonstrated a rapid-onset antidepressant effect in patients with treatment-resistant depression.

Antidepressant efficacy of ketamine in treatment-resistant major depression: a two-site randomized controlled trial

Am J Psychiatry, 2013

Shows ketamine displays rapid antidepressant effects and NDMA receptor modulation as a novel mechanism for chronic depression.

Comprehensive assessment of side effects associated with a single dose of ketamine in treatment-resistant depression

J Affect Disord, 2019

Finds no serious drug-related adverse events or increased ketamine craving or abuse post-administration after single dose.

Efficacy of intravenous ketamine for treatment of chronic posttraumatic stress disorder: a randomized clinical trial

JAMA Psychiatry, 2014

Shows evidence of rapid reduction in symptom severity following ketamine infusion in patients with chronic PTSD and depression with no persistent dissociative symptoms.

Ketamine treatment for depression: opportunities for clinical innovation and ethical foresight

Lancet Psychiatry, 2017

Concludes ketamine for treatment-resistant depression is in line with ethical principles and clinicians must ensure to follow good practices.

Research institutions

Leading research centers are exploring the potential of psychedelic medicines to address mental health conditions and more.

In 2000, the research group at the Center for Psychedelic & Consciousness Research was the first to be awarded regulatory approval to reinitiate psychedelic research after a nearly 30-year federal research ban. Their seminal work focuses on the impact of psychedelics on behavior, mood, cognition, brain function and biological health markers. 

The Centre of Psychedelic Research focuses on the use of psychedelics for the treatment of mental health conditions and as a means of exploring the basis of consciousness. The Centre also aims to become a prototype for the licensed psychedelic care facilities of the future.

The Center for Psychedelic Research is part of the NYU Langone’s Department of Psychiatry. Researchers conduct and support high-quality, health-focused research to realize the clinical potential of psychedelic compounds and related drugs.

MAPS is a non-profit research and educational organization that develops medical, legal, and cultural contexts for people to benefit from the careful uses of psychedelics. The organization is largely responsible for the progress of MDMA through FDA clinical trials. 

Further research

Several additional universities are undertaking psychedelic research projects outside of formal psychedelic research centers.

These include, but are not limited to:

Harvard University 

Yale University

Stanford University

Northwestern University

University of Chicago

Columbia University

University of Michigan

University of Wisconsin, Madison

Emory University

University of California, Berkley

University of California, Los Angeles

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